HTICIIT Madras
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ABOUT

PERSONAL DETAILS
No:1, 5th floor, 'C' Block, Phase 2, IIT-Madras Research Park, Kanagam Rd, Tharamani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113
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nabeel@htic.iitm.ac.in
+91 8754500594
Available as freelance

ABOUT

Professional Biography

Nabeel was born at Malappuram, Kerala in India, in 1991. He received his B.Tech. in Electrical & Electronics Engineering from Government Engineering College Barton-Hill, University of Kerala, India, in 2012. He received his M.S. and Ph.D. in Biomedical Instrumentation from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Tamil Nadu, India, in 2019.

His doctoral research involved investigating biophysical models that characterize the arterial structural and functional properties, further developing indigenous technologies for the cuffless and calibration-free measurement of the central arterial blood pressure. These scientific endeavors are of global significance as it was developed in response to a grand challenge initiated by NIH-USA & DST-India, in 2014. As a recognition of his scholarly work and the mastery displayed by his scientific insight, he was awarded IIT Madras’ 2018-19 Institute Research Award.

Currently, he is the Lead Research Scientist in the cardiovascular division of the Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre (HTIC) at IITM Research Park – a Research & Development Centre of IIT Madras. He focuses on cardiovascular research, and dealing with developing mathematical models, optimum sensors, instrumentation, and signal processing techniques for biomedical applications, simulation of the physiological systems, and performing experimental studies & clinical trials on humans and animal models. His research interests include vascular ageing, central blood pressure & hemodynamics, local assessment of vascular material properties & biomechanics, vascular toxicity, and gestational hemodynamics. His scientific contributions are reflected in the scope and quality of over 75 peer-reviewed publications, and two issued patents besides the 28 pending patents.

ROLES

Professional Experience

Lead Research Scientist at Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre – IIT Madras: Sep. 2021 – Present

National Director for Technology at World Youth Heart Federation: Dec. 2020 – Present

Editorial Board Member at Frontiers in Medical Technology Journal: Nov. 2019 – Present

Research Scientist at Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre – IIT Madras: Aug. 2019 – Aug. 2021

Researcher at Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre – IIT Madras: Feb. 2019 – Jul. 2019

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RESUME

EDUCATION
  • 2019
    2013
    Chennai, India

    M.S. and Ph.D. (Dual Degree)

    Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras

    Biomedical Instrumentation
    Department of Electrical Engineering
  • 2012
    2008
    Trivandrum, India

    Bachelor of Technology

    University of Kerala

    Electrical and Electronics Engineering
    Govt. Engineering College Barton Hill (GECBH)
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
  • Present
    Sep. 2021
    Chennai, India

    Lead Research Scientist

    Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre – IIT Madras

  • Present
    Dec. 2020

    National Director for Technology

    World Youth Heart Federation (WYHF)

  • Present
    Nov. 2019

    Editorial Board Member

    Frontiers in Medical Technology Journal, Frontiers Media S.A.

  • Aug. 2021
    Aug. 2019
    Chennai, India

    Research Scientist

    Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre – IIT Madras

  • Jul. 2019
    Feb. 2019
    Chennai, India

    Researcher

    Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre - IIT Madras

Scholastic Achievements
  • 2020
    Oct. 24
    Nancy, France

    Best poster award of 2020 ARTERY conference

    Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY)

    Research article: “Measurement of pressure-dependent intra-beat changes in carotid pulse wave velocity using image-free fast ultrasound”
    Authors: K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, D. Chandran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2019
    Sep. 30
    Chennai, India

    IIT Madras Institute Research Award 2018-19

    Indian Institute of Technology Madras

    The Ph.D. research work on ‘Arterial Compliance Probes for Calibration-free Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement’ by Nabeel has received recognition at Institute level through the Institute Research Award, where he was the only student from the Electrical Engineering Department of IIT Madras to win this award in 2019.
  • 2018
    May. 25
    Aachen, Germany

    Best paper award of 2018 Russian-German Conference on Biomedical Engineering

    RWTH Aachen University

    Research article: “Variation in local pulse wave velocity over the cardiac cycle: in-vivo validation using dual-MPG arterial compliance probe”
    Authors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2016
    Mar. 15
    New Delhi, India

    Indo-US Grand Challenge [Phase II]

    NIH USA and SERB-DST India

    Affordable blood pressure technologies for low resource settings - Indo-US Grand Challenge Initiative between Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, USA.
    Project: Arterial compliance probe for cuff-less blood pressure measurement
    PI: Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam
  • 2014
    Feb. 4
    New Delhi, India

    Indo-US Grand Challenge Initiative [Phase I]

    NIH USA and SERB-DST India

    Affordable blood pressure technologies for low resource settings - Indo-US Grand Challenge Initiative between Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, USA.
    Project: Arterial compliance probe for cuff-less blood pressure measurement
    PI: Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam
  • 2006
    Jan. 26
    New Delhi, India

    President Award / Rashtrapati Puraskar - BSG India

    The Bharat Scouts and Guides

    Received the highest national-level award of the Bharat Scouts and Guides from the former Indian president Dr. A P J Abdulkalam.
  • 2005
    Jan. 26
    Trivandrum, India

    Governor Award / Rajya Puraskar - BSG India

    The Bharat Scouts and Guides

    Received the highest state-level award of the Bharat Scouts and Guides from the former Kerala governor R. L. Bhatia.
MEDIA COVERAGES
PATENTS
  • 2020
    Jul. 15
    European Patent

    System for cuff-less blood pressure (BP) measurement of a subject

    EP3157416B1 (Granted)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and P. M. Nabeel
  • 2020
    Jul. 14
    United States Patent

    Method and system for cuff-less blood pressure (BP) measurement of a subject

    US10709424B2 (Granted)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and P. M. Nabeel
  • 2021
    Sep. 17

    Augmented multimodal flow mediated dilatation

    PCT/IN2021/050880 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, C. Dinu, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2021
    May 11

    Methods for identifying the boundaries of a blood vessel

    PCT/IN2021/050411 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2021
    May 11

    Method for tracing the motion of blood vessel boundaries

    PCT/IN2021/050412 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2021
    Feb. 15
    United States Patent

    Image-free ultrasound for noninvasive assessment of early vascular health markers

    17/175707 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2020
    Dec. 30
    European Patent

    Image-free ultrasound for noninvasive assessment of early vascular health markers

    20217975.0 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2020
    Dec. 30
    Australian Patent

    Image-free ultrasound for noninvasive assessment of early vascular health markers

    2020294344 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2020
    Sep. 30
    Indian Patent

    Augmented multimodal flow mediated dilatation

    202041042567 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, C. Dinu, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2020
    Aug. 5
    Indian Patent

    A system for noninvasive calibration-free blood pressure (BP) measurement

    202041033513 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Rahul, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2020
    Jul. 10
    European Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    19816111.9A (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    Jul. 10
    European Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    19815655.6A (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    Jul. 10
    European Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    19815901.4A (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    Jul. 10
    European Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    19815325.6A (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    May 20
    United States Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    16/765836 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    May 20
    United States Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    16/765837 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    May 22
    United States Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    16/766289 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    May 20
    United States Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    16/766290 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2020
    Apr. 27
    Indian Patent

    Methods for identifying the boundaries of a blood vessel

    202041017854 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2020
    Apr. 27
    Indian Patent

    Method for tracing the motion of blood vessel boundaries

    202041017855 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2020
    Mar. 26
    Indian Patent

    Image-free ultrasound for noninvasive assessment of early vascular health markers

    202041013190 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Australian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    2019283732 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Australian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    2019283733 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Australian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    2019283734 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Australian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    2019283735 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Indian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    201841021390 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Indian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    201942022643 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Indian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    201942022676 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2019
    Dec. 12
    Indian Patent

    Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

    201942022677 (Published)

    Inventors: P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and V. Raj Kiran
  • 2014
    Jun. 20
    Indian Patent

    Method and system for cuff-less blood pressure (BP) measurement of a subject

    3003CH2014 (Published)

    Inventors: J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and P. M. Nabeel
RESEARCH GUIDANCE
  • Present
    2022

    Mathematical modeling of vascular material properties in response to bioavailability of nitric-oxide

    M.S. Research, IIT Madras

  • Present
    2021

    Instrumentation & Signal Processing Research on Augmented Nitric-Oxide Bioavailability Assessment Station (ANOBAS)

    Ph.D. Research, IIT Madras

  • Present
    2021

    Photoplethysmogram (PPG) for Carotid Artery Stenosis Detection Through local assessment of arterial dynamics

    Ph.D. Research, IIT Mandi

  • Present
    2021

    Design, development, and validation of a wearable system for ambulatory assessment of arterial wall dynamics and material properties

    M.S. Research, IIT Madras

  • Present
    2020

    Instrumentation & Signal Processing Research on Non-Invasive Quantification of Jugular Venous Structure and Function

    Ph.D. Research, IIT Madras

  • Present
    2017

    Multimodal, Multi-Element system for real-time evaluation of vascular wall properties

    Ph.D. Research, IIT Madras

  • Present
    2016

    Image-free ultrasound method and system for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of central arterial blood pressure and ageing markers

    Ph.D. Research, IIT Madras

  • 2021
    2015

    Accelerometric sensor system for carotid arterial stiffness measurement

    Ph.D. Research, IIT Madras

  • 2015
    Jan. - Jun.

    STUDY OF ARTERIAL BLOOD PULSE SIGNAL ACQUISITION: SENSORS AND SIGNAL CONDITIONING

    M.Tech, NIT SILCHAR

.03

PUBLICATIONS

PUBLICATIONS LIST
11 Jan 2022

High-frame-rate A-mode ultrasound for calibration-free cuffless carotid pressure: feasibility study using lower body negative pressure intervention

Blood Pressure

pp. 1–12, Jan. 2022

Journal Paper K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, D. Chandran, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

High-frame-rate A-mode ultrasound for calibration-free cuffless carotid pressure: feasibility study using lower body negative pressure intervention

K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, D. Chandran, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Journal Paper
30 Oct 2021

Dynamic time warping for measuring incremental pulse wave velocity: Demonstration on a porcine model

Artery Research

2021 (in press)

Conferences Selected K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph

Dynamic time warping for measuring incremental pulse wave velocity: Demonstration on a porcine model

K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph
Conferences Selected
30 Oct 2021

Comparison of quantitative reflection indices of forward-backward pulse wave decomposition techniques: A virtual subject study

Artery Research

2021 (in press)

Conferences Selected R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph

Comparison of quantitative reflection indices of forward-backward pulse wave decomposition techniques: A virtual subject study

R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph
Conferences Selected
30 Oct 2021

Evaluation of arterial pulse reflection parameters using multi-gaussian decomposition model: association with stiffness markers

Artery Research

2021 (in press)

Conferences Selected R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph

Evaluation of arterial pulse reflection parameters using multi-gaussian decomposition model: association with stiffness markers

R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph
Conferences Selected
30 Oct 2021

Comparison of artery wall motion-based vascular index with conventional carotid stiffness markers for detection of vascular ageing

Artery Research

2021 (in press)

Conferences Selected R. Arathy, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph

Comparison of artery wall motion-based vascular index with conventional carotid stiffness markers for detection of vascular ageing

R. Arathy, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and J. Joseph
Conferences Selected
30 Oct 2021

Evaluation of image-free wall tracking based measurement of low flow mediated arterial constriction in comparison to B mode imaging

Artery Research

2021 (in press)

Conferences Selected S. Sen, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, D. Chandran, J. Joseph, and K. K. Deepak

Evaluation of image-free wall tracking based measurement of low flow mediated arterial constriction in comparison to B mode imaging

S. Sen, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, D. Chandran, J. Joseph, and K. K. Deepak
Conferences Selected
31 Dec 2020

Direct measurement of stiffness index β of superficial arteries without blood pressure estimation

Artery Research

vol. 26, no. Supplement 1, pp. S18–S18, 2020

Conferences R. Manoj, P. M. Nabeel, K. V Raj, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Direct measurement of stiffness index β of superficial arteries without blood pressure estimation

R. Manoj, P. M. Nabeel, K. V Raj, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
31 Dec 2020

Measurement of pressure-dependent intra-beat changes in carotid pulse wave velocity using image-free fast ultrasound

Artery Research

vol. 26, no. Supplement 1, pp. S63–S63, 2020

Conferences K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, D. Chandran, and M. Sivaprakasam

Measurement of pressure-dependent intra-beat changes in carotid pulse wave velocity using image-free fast ultrasound

K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, D. Chandran, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
31 Dec 2020

Ambulatory measurement of carotid stiffness with a novel accelerometric system

Artery Research

vol. 26, no. Supplement 1, pp. S62–S62, 2020

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Jayaraj, V. V Abhidev, and S. Mohanasankar

Ambulatory measurement of carotid stiffness with a novel accelerometric system

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Jayaraj, V. V Abhidev, and S. Mohanasankar
Conferences
31 Dec 2020

Feasibility evaluation of imaging-free ultrasound technology to measure diameters of brachial and radial arteries for assessment of endothelial function

Artery Research

vol. 26, no. Supplement 1, pp. S70–S70, 2020

Conferences D. Chandran, J. Joseph, S. Sen, K. Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and K. K. Deepak

Feasibility evaluation of imaging-free ultrasound technology to measure diameters of brachial and radial arteries for assessment of endothelial function

D. Chandran, J. Joseph, S. Sen, K. Raj, P. M. Nabeel, and K. K. Deepak
Conferences
09 Dec 2021

High-framerate A-mode ultrasound for vascular structural assessments: In-vivo validation in a porcine mode

43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

2021, pp. 5602-5605

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, M. Rahul, V.V. Abhidev, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

High-framerate A-mode ultrasound for vascular structural assessments: In-vivo validation in a porcine mode

P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, M. Rahul, V.V. Abhidev, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
09 Dec 2021

Phantom assessment of an image-free ultrasound technology for online local pulse wave velocity measurement

43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

2021, pp. 5610-5613

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, R. Manoj, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

Phantom assessment of an image-free ultrasound technology for online local pulse wave velocity measurement

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, R. Manoj, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
09 Dec 2021

Gaussian-mixture modelling of a-mode radiofrequency scans for the measurement of arterial wall thickness

43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

2021, pp. 5598-5601

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

Gaussian-mixture modelling of a-mode radiofrequency scans for the measurement of arterial wall thickness

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
09 Dec 2021

Evaluation of vascular pulse contour indices over the physiological blood pressure ranges in an anesthetized porcine model

43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

2021, pp. 5594-5597

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, K. V Raj, V. V Abhidev, S. Mohanasankar, and J. Jayaraj

Evaluation of vascular pulse contour indices over the physiological blood pressure ranges in an anesthetized porcine model

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, K. V Raj, V. V Abhidev, S. Mohanasankar, and J. Jayaraj
Conferences
09 Dec 2021

Separation of forward-backward waves in the arterial system using multi-gaussian approach from single pulse waveform

43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

2021, pp. 5547-5550

Conferences R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

Separation of forward-backward waves in the arterial system using multi-gaussian approach from single pulse waveform

R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
09 Dec 2021

Evaluation of nonlinear wave separation method to assess reflection transit time: a virtual patient study

43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

2021, pp. 5551-5554

Conferences R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

Evaluation of nonlinear wave separation method to assess reflection transit time: a virtual patient study

R. Manoj, K. V Raj, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
12 Jul 2021

An Image-Free Ultrasound Device for Simultaneous Measurement of Local and Regional Arterial Stiffness Indices

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

2021, pp. 1-6

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, M. I. Shah, V.V. Abhidev, M. Rahul, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

An Image-Free Ultrasound Device for Simultaneous Measurement of Local and Regional Arterial Stiffness Indices

P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, M. I. Shah, V.V. Abhidev, M. Rahul, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
12 Jul 2021

Phantom Evaluation of a Time Warping Based Automated Arterial Wall Recognition and Tracking Method

in IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

2021, pp. 1-6

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

Phantom Evaluation of a Time Warping Based Automated Arterial Wall Recognition and Tracking Method

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
12 Jul 2021

Multi-Gaussian Model for Estimating Stiffness Surrogate using Arterial Diameter Waveform

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

2021, pp. 1-6

Conferences M. Rahul, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

Multi-Gaussian Model for Estimating Stiffness Surrogate using Arterial Diameter Waveform

M. Rahul, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Conferences
23 Mar 2021

Evaluation of Central Arterial Blood Pressure on Urban, Rural, and Semi-Urban Population in India Using ARTSENS

Institute of Electrical Engineering of Japan Smart City Conference

2021, pp. 45-50, Art no. CMN21026

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Evaluation of Central Arterial Blood Pressure on Urban, Rural, and Semi-Urban Population in India Using ARTSENS

P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
27 Aug 2020

High-throughput vascular screening by ARTSENS Pen during a medical camp for early-stage detection of chronic kidney disease

42th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

Montreal, Canada, 2020, pp. 2752-2755

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, M. Rahul, V V. Abhidev, J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam

High-throughput vascular screening by ARTSENS Pen during a medical camp for early-stage detection of chronic kidney disease

P. M. Nabeel, M. Rahul, V V. Abhidev, J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
27 Aug 2020

Demonstration of pressure-dependent inter and intra-cycle variations in local pulse wave velocity using excised bovine carotid artery

42th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

Montreal, Canada, 2020, pp. 2707-2710

Conferences M. Rahul, P. M. Nabeel, V V. Abhidev, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Demonstration of pressure-dependent inter and intra-cycle variations in local pulse wave velocity using excised bovine carotid artery

M. Rahul, P. M. Nabeel, V V. Abhidev, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
27 Aug 2020

Cuffless blood pressure estimation using features extracted from carotid dual-diameter waveforms

42th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

Montreal, Canada, 2020, pp. 2719-2722

Conferences P. Ramakrishna, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Cuffless blood pressure estimation using features extracted from carotid dual-diameter waveforms

P. Ramakrishna, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
27 Aug 2020

Repeatability study of local vascular stiffness measurement using carotid surface acceleration plethysmogram

42th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

Montreal, Canada, 2020, pp. 2699-2702

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Repeatability study of local vascular stiffness measurement using carotid surface acceleration plethysmogram

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
10 Jul 2020

A bi-modal probe integrated with A-mode ultrasound and force sensor for single-site assessment of arterial pressure-diameter loop

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Bari, Italy, 2020, pp. 1–6

Conferences M. Rahul, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

A bi-modal probe integrated with A-mode ultrasound and force sensor for single-site assessment of arterial pressure-diameter loop

M. Rahul, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
10 Jul 2020

A dynamic time warping method for improved arterial wall-tracking using A-mode ultrasound frames: a proof-of-concept

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Bari, Italy, 2020, pp. 1–6

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam

A dynamic time warping method for improved arterial wall-tracking using A-mode ultrasound frames: a proof-of-concept

V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
10 Jul 2020

Carotid stiffness variations in the presence of established risk factors: observations from a clinical study using ARTSENS

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Bari, Italy, 2020, pp. 1–6

Conferences J. Joseph, H. Vijayakumar, P. M. Nabeel, T. Muralidharan, S. Thanikachalam, and M. Sivaprakasam

Carotid stiffness variations in the presence of established risk factors: observations from a clinical study using ARTSENS

J. Joseph, H. Vijayakumar, P. M. Nabeel, T. Muralidharan, S. Thanikachalam, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
10 Jul 2020

Blood pressure estimation using arterial diameter: exploring different machine learning methods

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Bari, Italy, 2020, pp. 1–6

Conferences U. P. Poojitha, K. Ram, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Blood pressure estimation using arterial diameter: exploring different machine learning methods

U. P. Poojitha, K. Ram, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
10 Jul 2020

Feasibility study of arterial stiffness monitoring based on reflected wave transit time using carotid acceleration plethysmogram

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Bari, Italy, 2020, pp. 1–6

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam

Feasibility study of arterial stiffness monitoring based on reflected wave transit time using carotid acceleration plethysmogram

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
29 Jul 2021

Association of incremental pulse wave velocity with cardiometabolic risk factors

Scientific Reports

vol. 11, no. 1, p. 15413, 2021

Journal Paper P. M. Nabeel, D. S. Chandran, P. Kaur, S. Thanikachalam, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

Association of incremental pulse wave velocity with cardiometabolic risk factors

P. M. Nabeel, D. S. Chandran, P. Kaur, S. Thanikachalam, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Journal Paper
01 May 2021

An Accelerometric Sensor System with Integrated Hydrostatic Pressure Correction to Assess Carotid Arterial Stiffness

IEEE Sensors Journal

vol. 21, no. 9, pp. 11163-11175, 2021

Journal Paper R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, V. V. Abhidev, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph

An Accelerometric Sensor System with Integrated Hydrostatic Pressure Correction to Assess Carotid Arterial Stiffness

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, V. V. Abhidev, M. Sivaprakasam, and J. Joseph
Journal Paper
03 Dec 2020

Assessment of carotid arterial stiffness in community settings with ARTSENS®

IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine

vol. 9, pp. 1-11, 2021

Journal Paper J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, R. Sudha Ramachandra, V. Ramachandran, M. I. Shah, and K. Prabhdeep

Assessment of carotid arterial stiffness in community settings with ARTSENS®

J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, R. Sudha Ramachandra, V. Ramachandran, M. I. Shah, and K. Prabhdeep
Journal Paper
01 Oct 2020

Automated measurement of compression-decompression in arterial diameter and wall thickness by image-free ultrasound: validation against CAROLAB and Carotid Studio

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine

vol. 23, no. 194, p. 105557, 2020

Journal Paper V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam

Automated measurement of compression-decompression in arterial diameter and wall thickness by image-free ultrasound: validation against CAROLAB and Carotid Studio

V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
29 Jul 2019

Local pulse wave velocity: theory, methods, advancements, and clinical applications

IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering

vol. 13, pp. 74–112, 2020

Journal Paper P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam

Local pulse wave velocity: theory, methods, advancements, and clinical applications

P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
24 Feb 2020

Evaluation of arterial diameter by mathematical transformation of APG for ambulatory stiffness evaluation

IEEE International Conference in Computing in Cardiology

Singapore, 2019, vol. 45, pp. 1–4

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam

Evaluation of arterial diameter by mathematical transformation of APG for ambulatory stiffness evaluation

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
24 Feb 2020

Incorporating arterial viscoelastic modelling for the assessment of changes in pulse wave velocity within a cardiac cycle using Bramwell-Hill equation

IEEE International Conference in Computing in Cardiology

Singapore, 2019, vol. 45, pp. 1–4

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Incorporating arterial viscoelastic modelling for the assessment of changes in pulse wave velocity within a cardiac cycle using Bramwell-Hill equation

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
24 Feb 2020

Determination of incremental local pulse wave velocity using arterial diameter waveform: mathematical modeling and practical implementation

IEEE International Conference in Computing in Cardiology

Singapore, 2019, vol. 45, pp. 1–4

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Determination of incremental local pulse wave velocity using arterial diameter waveform: mathematical modeling and practical implementation

P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
10 Apr 2019

Image-free ultrasound technique for calibration-free cuffless blood pressure measurement

41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Berlin, Germany, 2019, p.1 - 1

Conferences J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam

Image-free ultrasound technique for calibration-free cuffless blood pressure measurement

J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
07 Oct 2019

Continuous assessment of carotid diameter using an accelerometer patch probe for ambulatory arterial stiffness monitoring

41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Berlin, Germany, 2019, pp. 5038-5041

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam

Continuous assessment of carotid diameter using an accelerometer patch probe for ambulatory arterial stiffness monitoring

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. V. Abhidev, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
07 Oct 2019

Multimodal image-free ultrasound technique for evaluation of arterial viscoelastic properties: a feasibility study

41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Berlin, Germany, 2019, pp. 5034-5037

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, F. Hanna, M. Sivaprakasam

Multimodal image-free ultrasound technique for evaluation of arterial viscoelastic properties: a feasibility study

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, F. Hanna, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
07 Oct 2019

Novel geometric representation for one-dimensional model of arterial blood pulse wave propagation

41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Berlin, Germany, 2019, pp. 506-509

Conferences P. Ramakrishna, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam

Novel geometric representation for one-dimensional model of arterial blood pulse wave propagation

P. Ramakrishna, P. M. Nabeel, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
15 Aug 2019

Analytic phase based approach for arterial diameter evaluation using A-mode ultrasound frames

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, pp. 1-6

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, F. Hanna, M. Sivaprakasam, and M. I. Shah

Analytic phase based approach for arterial diameter evaluation using A-mode ultrasound frames

V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, F. Hanna, M. Sivaprakasam, and M. I. Shah
Conferences
15 Aug 2019

Arterial stiffness in elastic and muscular arteries: measurement using ARTSENS pen

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, pp. 1-6

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, V. V. Abhidev, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and M. I. Shah

Arterial stiffness in elastic and muscular arteries: measurement using ARTSENS pen

V. Raj Kiran, V. V. Abhidev, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, and M. I. Shah
Conferences
15 Aug 2019

Cuffless evaluation of arterial pressure waveform using flexible force sensor: a proof of principle

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, pp. 1-6

Conferences M. Rahul, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Cuffless evaluation of arterial pressure waveform using flexible force sensor: a proof of principle

M. Rahul, P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
15 Aug 2019

Methodological and measurement concerns of local pulse wave velocity assessment

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, pp. 1-6

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Methodological and measurement concerns of local pulse wave velocity assessment

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
15 Aug 2019

Deep learning for blood pressure estimation: an approach using local measure of arterial dual diameter waveforms

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, pp. 1-6

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, C. Vinay, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam

Deep learning for blood pressure estimation: an approach using local measure of arterial dual diameter waveforms

P. M. Nabeel, C. Vinay, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, and M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
27 May 2019

Accelerometric patch probe for carotid local pulse wave velocity measurement: design, development, and in-vivo experimental validation

Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express

vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 045010, 2019

Journal Paper R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Accelerometric patch probe for carotid local pulse wave velocity measurement: design, development, and in-vivo experimental validation

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
About The Publication
Objective: In this work, we demonstrate an accelerometric patch probe and associated measurement system for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement and its application in cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement. Approach: The proposed system consists of dual accelerometric patch probe to capture acceleration plethysmography (APG) signals from the carotid artery. The probe was integrated into an application-specific analog front-end circuitry with negligible inter-channel delay and a data acquisition module. Real-time signal processing and local PWV evaluation were performed using custom software. The functionality of the developed system and the relationship between local PWV and reference BP parameters were experimentally validated by multiple in vivo studies on a cohort of 26 subjects. Inter- and intra-subject BP-local pulse transit time (PTT) models were developed and used for cuffless BP measurement. Further, the reliability of the proposed method in long-term BP monitoring was validated by performing a study over a week. Main results: Reliability of the proposed novel approach for local PWV measurement using APG signals has been demonstrated. Measured baseline carotid local PWV values were in the range of 3–4.2 ms−1, with high reproducibility (R = 0.94) and with an inter-beat variation range of 2.61%–15.5%. Mean local PTT versus brachial systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP obtained from both sitting and standing posture correlated well with an R-value > 0.8. Beat-by-beat BP parameters and local PWV during the post-exercise recovery of each individual yielded statistically significant intra-subject trends. Cuffless BP estimation with intra-subject BP-local PTT models results in more reliable assessments of BP parameters than inter-subject models. The developed BP prediction models found to be reliable over a period of one week with a root-mean-square error ≤1.7 mmHg. Significance: A non-invasive cost-effective system for continuous monitoring of central aortic BP parameters and local arterial stiffness indices.
24 Feb 2020

ARTSENS® Pen – portable easy-to-use device for carotid stiffness measurement: technology validation and clinical-utility assessment

Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express

vol. 6, pp. 1–12, 2020

Journal Paper J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M I. Shah, A. Bhasker, C. Ganesh, S. Seshadri, and M. Sivaprakasam

ARTSENS® Pen – portable easy-to-use device for carotid stiffness measurement: technology validation and clinical-utility assessment

J. Joseph, V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, M I. Shah, A. Bhasker, C. Ganesh, S. Seshadri, and M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
06 Nov 2014

Magnetic plethysmograph transducers for local blood pulse wave velocity measurement

36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Chicago, IL, 2014, pp. 1953-1956

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Magnetic plethysmograph transducers for local blood pulse wave velocity measurement

P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
We present the design of magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) transducers for detection of blood pulse waveform and evaluation of local pulse wave velocity (PWV), for potential use in cuffless blood pressure (BP) monitoring. The sensors utilize a Hall effect magnetic field sensor to capture the blood pulse waveform. A strap based design is performed to enable reliable capture of large number of cardiac cycles with relative ease. The ability of the transducer to consistently detect the blood pulse is verified by in-vivo trials on few volunteers. A duality of such transducers is utilized to capture the local PWV at the carotid artery. The pulse transit time (PTT) between the two detected pulse waveforms, measured along a small section of the carotid artery, was evaluated using automated algorithms to ensure consistency of measurements. The correlation between the measured values of local PWV and BP was also investigated. The developed transducers provide a reliable, easy modality for detecting pulse waveform on superficial arteries. Such transducers, used for measurement of local PWV, could potentially be utilized for cuffless, continuous evaluation of BP at various superficial arterial sites.
05 Nov 2015

A calibration free method for cuff less evaluation of pulse pressure

37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Milan, 2015, p. 1-1

Conferences J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam

A calibration free method for cuff less evaluation of pulse pressure

J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
We present a novel method for calibration free measurement of pulse pressure without using a cuff. The technique uses an arterial compliance probe with a magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) sensor for accurate and reliable measurement of pulse transit time (PTT), across small sections of artery, and ultrasound for evaluating artery dimensions. The design of the probe was verified, by in-vivo measurements, to be capable of providing accurate measurement of local PTT. Cuff less evaluation of pulse pressure was also demonstrated in-vivo. The probe can directly evaluate blood pulse pressure without the need of any patient or population specific calibration
05 Nov 2015

Arterial compliance probe for local blood pulse wave velocity measurement

37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Milan, 2015, pp. 5712-5715

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Arterial compliance probe for local blood pulse wave velocity measurement

P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Arterial compliance and vessel wall dynamics are significant in vascular diagnosis. We present the design of arterial compliance probes for measurement of local pulse wave velocity (PWV). Two designs of compliance probe are discussed, viz (a) a magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) based probe, and (b) a photoplethysmograph (PPG) based probe. The ability of the local PWV probes to consistently capture carotid blood pulse waves is verified by in-vivo trials on few volunteers. The probes could reliably perform repeatable measurements of local PWV from carotid artery along small artery sections less than 20 mm. Further, correlation between the measured values of local PWV using probes and various measures of blood pressure (BP) was also investigated. The study indicates that such arterial compliance probes have strong potential in cuff less BP monitoring.
08 Aug 2016

Arterial compliance probe for calibration free pulse pressure measurement

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Benevento, 2016, pp. 1-6

Conferences J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam

Arterial compliance probe for calibration free pulse pressure measurement

J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death around the world. Non-invasive estimation of arterial parameters is significant in the early detection of cardiovascular diseases. In this work, we present an arterial compliance probe for calibration-free evaluation of carotid pulse pressure. This novel cuffless measurement technique uses dual magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) transducers for carotid local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement and single element ultrasound transducer for measuring arterial dimensions. Proposed arterial compliance probe can acquire two blood pulse waveforms and arterial diameter parameters simultaneously, which are then utilized in cycle-to-cycle estimation of arterial local PWV and pulse pressure without any subject or population specific calibration. The design of compliance probe and measurement system was verified by in-vivo trials. Accurate local PWV measurement and calibration free estimation of carotid pulse pressure was also validated by in-vivo studies. Initial results indicate a strong potential of MPG – Ultrasound arterial compliance probe in continuous, cuffless evaluation of blood pressure (BP) from superficial arteries.
18 Oct 2016

Cuffless evaluation of pulse pressure with arterial compliance probe

38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Orlando, FL, 2016, p. 1-1

Conferences J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam

Cuffless evaluation of pulse pressure with arterial compliance probe

J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
We present an arterial compliance probe for calibration-free cuffless evaluation of blood pulse pressure. The probe uses dual magnetic plethysmograph sensors for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement and an ultrasound sensor for real time arterial dimension evaluation to enable calculation of pulse pressure from direct arterial measurements. The principle of measurement was verified using arterial flow phantom in comparison with an invasive pressure catheter. The functionality of the compliance probe was verified by in vivo study on 10 volunteers which demonstrated positive correlation between measured carotid and brachial pulse pressure.
18 Oct 2016

Single source photoplethysmograph transducer for local pulse wave velocity measurement

38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Orlando, FL, 2016, pp. 4256-4259

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. Awasthi, M. Sivaprakasam

Single source photoplethysmograph transducer for local pulse wave velocity measurement

P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, V. Awasthi, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Cuffless evaluation of arterial blood pressure (BP) using pulse wave velocity (PWV) has received attraction over the years. Local PWV based techniques for cuffless BP measurement has more potential in accurate estimation of BP parameters. In this work, we present the design and experimental validation of a novel single-source Photoplethysmograph (PPG) transducer for arterial blood pulse detection and cycle-to-cycle local PWV measurement. The ability of the transducer to continuously measure local PWV was verified using arterial flow phantom as well as by conducting an in-vivo study on 17 volunteers. The single-source PPG transducer could reliably acquire dual blood pulse waveforms, along small artery sections of length less than 28 mm. The transducer was able to perform repeatable measurements of carotid local PWV on multiple subjects with maximum beat-to-beat variation less than 12%. The correlation between measured carotid local PWV and brachial BP parameters were also investigated during the in-vivo study. Study results prove the potential use of newly proposed single-source PPG transducers in continuous cuffless BP measurement systems.
20 Jul 2017

An accelerometer probe for local pulse wave velocity measurement

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Rochester, MN, 2017, pp. 426-431

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, V. Awasthi

An accelerometer probe for local pulse wave velocity measurement

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam, V. Awasthi
Conferences
About The Publication
The velocity of propagation of arterial blood pulse signals obtained from a smaller arterial section referred as local pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an index of cardiovascular events of a particular artery. In this work, we introduce a novel design of accelerometer probe for local PWV measurement from the carotid artery. The proposed probe was developed using highly sensitive dual MEMS accelerometers. The probe design with tiny dual element sensors was capable of simultaneously acquiring acceleration signals generated due to arterial wall displacement towards the skin surface. Measurements were performed from carotid artery over a smaller arterial section of length 24 mm. The ability of the probe to acquire continuous arterial waveforms and cycle-to-cycle local PWV measurement was verified by conducting an in-vivo test in multiple subjects (11 volunteers aged between 20 – 60 years) under controlled settings. Reliable as well as repeatable signals (maximum beat-to-beat variation was less than 13%) and carotid PWV measurement with high reproducibility was obtained. A correlation examination of the local PWV with heartrate and BP was conducted during the same study. A statistically significant correlation was observed with the correlation coefficient greater than 0.78 for BP parameters and 0.66 for heartrate. In-vivo validation study promising the potential use of the developed accelerometer probe for cuffless evaluation of BP parameters and heartrate as a confounder of local PWV assessment was obtained.
14 Sep 2017

Brachial artery stiffness estimation using ARTSENS

39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Seogwipo, 2017, pp. 262-265

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Brachial artery stiffness estimation using ARTSENS

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Central and peripheral arteries stiffening prominently affect hemodynamics thus increasing the risk of coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. There are several commercially available non-invasive measurement technologies for the evaluation of stiffness that are expensive, demand dedicated expertise and fall short for mass screening. Considering this, we have developed ARTSENS ® , a highly compact and portable image-free ultrasound device for evaluation of arterial stiffness. The capability of the device to perform accurate measurements of carotid artery stiffness has been validated through extensive in-vivo studies. In this paper we demonstrate the feasibility of using ARTSENS ® for measuring brachial artery stiffness. An inter-operator repeatability study was done based on in-vivo experiments on 9 young healthy subjects. The study included measurement of distension, end diastolic lumen diameter, arterial compliance and stiffness index performed both on carotid artery and brachial artery by two operators successively. The degree of agreement between the measurements made by operators has been investigated based on Bland-Altman plots and paired t-test. The measurements were populated within the limits of agreement. No statistically significant difference (p-values from paired t-test for end-diastolic diameter, distension, stiffness index, arterial compliance were 0.36, 0.24, 0.47 and 0.11 respectively) was seen for the brachial artery measurements performed by the two operators. The correlation between the measurement made by the operators was highly significant (r=0.86, p-value=0.003).
14 Sep 2017

Measurement of carotid blood pressure and local pulse wave velocity changes during cuff induced hyperemia

39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Seogwipo, 2017, pp. 1700-1703

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Measurement of carotid blood pressure and local pulse wave velocity changes during cuff induced hyperemia

P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
We present a prototype design of dual element photoplethysmograph (PPG) probe along with associated measurement system for carotid local pulse wave velocity (PWV) evaluation in a non-invasive and continuous manner. The PPG probe consists of two identical sensing modules placed 23 mm apart. Simultaneously measured blood pulse waveforms from these arterial sites were processed and the pulse transit time delay was resolved using the developed application-specific software. The ability of developed PPG probe and associated measurement system to detect acute changes in carotid local PWV due to blood pressure (BP) variations was experimentally validated by an in-vivo study. Intra-subject carotid BP elevation was achieved by an upper arm cuff based occlusion, which offered a controlled way of local PWV escalation. The elevated carotid BP values were also recorded by a calibrated pressure tonometer prior to the study, and was used as a reference. A significant increment (1.0 – 2.6 m/s) in local PWV was observed and was proportional to the BP increment induced by the occlusive reactive hyperemia. Study results demonstrated the feasibility of real-time signal acquisition and reliable local PWV evaluation under normal and elevated BP conditions using the developed measurement system.
20 Jul 2017

Experimental validation of dual PPG local pulse wave velocity probe

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Rochester, MN, 2017, pp. 408-413

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Experimental validation of dual PPG local pulse wave velocity probe

P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
A novel dual photoplethysmograph (PPG) probe and measurement system for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) is proposed and demonstrated. The developed probe design employs reflectance PPG transducers for non-invasive detection of blood pulse propagation waveforms from two adjacent measurement points (28 mm apart). Transit time delay between the continuously acquired dual pulse waveform was used for beat-to-beat local PWV measurement. An in-vivo experimental validation study was conducted on 10 healthy volunteers (8 male and 2 female, 21 to 33 years of age) to validate the PPG probe design and developed local PWV measurement system. The proposed system was able to measure carotid local PWV from multiple subjects. Beat-to-beat variation of baseline carotid PWV was less than 7.5% for 7 out of 10 subjects, a maximum beat-to-beat variation of 16% was observed during the study. Variation in beat-to-beat carotid local PWV and brachial blood pressure (BP) values during post-exercise recovery period was also examined. A statistically significant correlation between intra-subject local PWV variation and brachial BP parameters was observed (r > 0.85, p <; 0.001). The results demonstrated the feasibility of proposed PPG probe for continuous beat-to-beat local PWV measurement from the carotid artery. Such a non-invasive local PWV measurement unit can be potentially used for continuous ambulatory BP measurements.
14 Sep 2017

Blood Pressure Measurement Using Ultrasound and Dual Photoplethysmograph Transducer

39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Seogwipo, 2017, p. 1-1

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Chenniappan, M. Sivaprakasam

Blood Pressure Measurement Using Ultrasound and Dual Photoplethysmograph Transducer

P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Chenniappan, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
We present a novel method for cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement from the carotid artery using ultrasound and photoplethysmograph (PPG) transducer. Mathematical models with closed-form solution for calibration-free evaluation of BP parameters via local PWV and arterial stiffness was implemented in the proposed system. The design concept and feasibility of the developed method were verified by in-vivo study in 10 patients. Measured carotid and reference brachial BP values were found to be significantly correlated with acceptable tolerance.
27 Dec 2018

Live demonstration of ARTSENS® Pen-an image-free ultrasound device for automated evaluation of vascular stiffness

IEEE SENSORS

New Delhi, India, 2018, pp. 1-1

ConferencesDemonstrations J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, V. Raj Kiran, M. Sivaprakasam

Live demonstration of ARTSENS® Pen-an image-free ultrasound device for automated evaluation of vascular stiffness

J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, V. Raj Kiran, M. Sivaprakasam
ConferencesDemonstrations
About The Publication
Ultrasound-based techniques for non-invasive assessment of arterial stiffness – the earliest detectable manifestation of cardiovascular conditions, has gained significant attention over the years. State-of-the-art techniques use imaging systems for measuring carotid artery stiffness or rely on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity to evaluate vascular stiffness. These techniques are expensive, require expertise to operate and are not suitable for field deployment. In this context, we developed ARTSENS® – an ultrasound technology for image-free, noninvasive, automated evaluation of vascular stiffness amenable for field use. The latest version of this novel technology, ARTSENS® Pen is proposed for a live demonstration in the IEEE SENSORS 2018 Conference.
16 May 2018

Non-invasive assessment of arterial incremental elastic modulus variations within a cardiac cycle

13th Russian-German Conference on Biomedical Engineering (RGC)

Aachen, Germany, 2018, pp. 108–111

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Non-invasive assessment of arterial incremental elastic modulus variations within a cardiac cycle

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Arterial incremental elastic modulus (Einc) is an intrinsic mechanical property of the artery that characterizes the non-linear behavior its elasticity. The assessment of variations in Einc over a cardiac cycle forms an important prognostic tool for cardiovascular health as it provides elaborate insights about pressure dependent local stiffness variations in arteries. Non-invasive measurement of these Einc variations demand an estimate of arterial wall thickness and, high fidelity pressure and diameter waveforms from a local arterial site which makes it challenging to employ conventionally used imaging systems along with pressure transducers. In this work, we have proposed a non-invasive measurement system for assessment of Einc variations over a cardiac cycle. The system uses a novel custom developed ultrasound-pressure probe employing a single element 5 mm ultrasound transducer and a tonometer for simultaneous measurement of arterial wall thickness, pressure and diameter waveforms from the carotid artery. An application specific data-acquisition hardware was developed to obtain high fidelity waveforms (temporal resolution = 0.1 ms). The system incorporates dedicated software to estimate the arterial dimensions and evaluate Einc variations in a beat-by-beat manner. Our clinically validated ARTSENS technology was used to perform reliable online measurement of the arterial wall thickness and intra-lumen diameter required for Einc evaluation without a B-mode image. The performance of the prototype system was evaluated by conducting an in-vivo study on 10 subjects (20 to 30 years of age). The measurements of end diastolic diameter (Dd), wall thickness (h) were obtained and Einc was measured at two distinct fiducial points (neighborhood of systolic peak – EΨs and end diastolic minima EΨd) in a beat-by-beat manner. Observed beat-to-beat variation in Dd (< 4%), h (< 7.5%), EΨs (< 7%) and EΨd (< 7%) were in the acceptable range, indicating the reliability of the measurements. A statistically significant (p < 0.001) variation between EΨs and EΨd was observed in all subjects over continuous cardiac cycles. Concurrent with the theory, the absolute values of EΨs were greater than EΨd. The developed prototype system has demonstrated its feasibility to reliably assess Einc and its variation within a cardiac cycle non-invasively, which can be potentially used for the cardiovascular screening.
20 Aug 2018

Vascular Wall Stiffness Indices Detection Using an Accelerometer-Based System

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Rome, 2018, pp. 1-6

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Vascular Wall Stiffness Indices Detection Using an Accelerometer-Based System

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
The measure of arterial stiffness is significant for the diagnosis of the cardiovascular health. A prototype accelerometer-based system for vascular stiffness indices detection is proposed and experimentally validated. The developed accelerometer-based system could continuously capture the accelerations related to the displacement of the carotid arterial walls. The measured accelerometric waveforms are recorded by a data acquisition card for signal processing and analysis in real-time. The recorded accelerometric signals from the carotid skin surface are double-integrated and calibrated linearly using our clinically validated ARTSENS® (ARTerial Stiffness Evaluation for Noninvasive Screening) device to estimate the subject-specific one-time calibration coefficients. The acquired accelerometric signal with these calibration coefficients was used to estimate and hence to calculate the diameter parameters such as arterial distension (ΔD), end-diastolic diameter (Dd), and systolic diameter (Ds). 12 subjects (7 males, 5 females, age = 25.42 ± 2.5 years) with no prior history of cardiovascular diseases were enrolled for the in-vivo validation study. The accelerometer-based system could capture continuous distension waveforms for all the recruited subjects. Arterial stiffness indices such as stiffness index (β), arterial compliance (AC) and Peterson’s elastic modulus (Ep) were calculated using the obtained diameter parameters from the accelerometer-based system. The correlation (R2) for β, AC and Ep observed between ARTSENS reference device and accelerometric system were 0.93, 0.95 and 0.94 respectively. Bland-Altman plots of β, AC, and Ep of ARTSENS reference device and the accelerometric system shows a small mean bias of 0.07, -0.001 and 0.81 respectively. The preliminary results suggest the potential of the accelerometer-based system for vascular wall stiffness indices detection.
20 Aug 2018

Evaluation of Local Pulse Wave Velocity using an Image Free Ultrasound Technique

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Rome, 2018, pp. 1-6

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Evaluation of Local Pulse Wave Velocity using an Image Free Ultrasound Technique

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured over small arterial sections provide localized elastic characteristics, which helps assessment of the subtle progressions of various cardiovascular diseases. Several ultrasound-based techniques that are reported, require high frame rate imaging for performing accurate measurements of local PWV. In this work, an image free ultrasound method for evaluation of local PWV is proposed. The technique uses a novel dual element ultrasound probe for simultaneous capturing of A-scan frames (frame rate = 10 kHz) from two arterial sites located 35 mm apart. Our clinically validated ARTSENS technology was used to obtain high fidelity of distension waveforms by processing the acquired frames. The high frame rate acquisition enabled measurement of pulse transit time with a resolution of 0.1 ms for reliable evaluation of local PWV. The functionality of the developed prototype system was initially verified by conducting experiments on physiological flow-phantom setup. The phantom study results demonstrated that the proposed system could reliably perform local PWV measurements over short arterial segments. The performance of the measurement system was further validated by an in-vivo studied conducted on a pool of 10 young healthy subjects. The mean local PWV measured from the carotid artery for all subjects was 4.8±0.8 The prototype system could perform reliable and repeatable local PWV measurements on both phantom and human subjects over continuous cardiac cycles with the coefficient of variation less than 2.6% and 5% respectively. The proposed image-free ultrasound measurement method greatly eliminates the complexity and computational overhead associated with processing images or 2D RF data acquired at high frame rates.
20 Aug 2018

Measurement of Arterial Young’ s Elastic Modulus using ARTSENS Pen

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Rome, 2018, pp. 1-6

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam

Measurement of Arterial Young’ s Elastic Modulus using ARTSENS Pen

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Arterial Young’s modulus (Y) is an important elastic property of the artery that quantifies the material stiffness. Several studies have demonstrated that the quantitative values of Y and its standard deviation could be potentially used as an independent predictor of coronary heart diseases. For reliable measurements of Y, accurate measurements of arterial diameter and wall thickness are required. Conventionally these arterial dimensions are measured by imaging systems that are not a viable option for large-scale screening due to their form factor and a high degree of complexity. In this work, we present a portable image-free ultrasound modality – ARTSENS Pen for measurement of Y. ARTSENS is an extensively validated technology that is capable of providing clinical standard measurements of arterial dimensions and stiffness. In this present work, we have demonstrated the capability of the ARTSENS to make accurate and repeatable measurements of Y. The performance of the device is validated through an in-vivo study on 15 subjects. The ARTSENS measurements of Y were repeatable over continuous cardiac cycles for all the recruited subjects (beat-to-beat variation < 6 %). The mean of Y measured for all the subjects was 262.8±99 kPa. The accuracy of the system was evaluated by a comparative analysis against a reference B-mode imaging modality. Regression analysis of the data showed that the Y measurements that were taken by ARTSENS significantly correlated (r = 0.90, p < 0.001) to the reference system measurements. Bland Altman analysis indicated a strong degree of agreement between measurements taken by the two devices, with an insignificant difference (p = 0.32).
29 Oct 2018

Carotid local pulse wave velocity measurement using dual element accelerometric patch probe

40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Honolulu, HI, 2018, pp. 4571-4574

Conferences R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Carotid local pulse wave velocity measurement using dual element accelerometric patch probe

R. Arathy, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
In this work, we demonstrate an accelerometric patch probe with two microelectromechanical accelerometer sensors for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement from the carotid artery. Dual acceleration plethysmogram (APG) signals were acquired from a small section of the artery by keeping the sensors at 32 mm apart. A custom analog front-end circuit (inter-channel delay <; 0.15 ms) was used for reliable signal acquisition. Simultaneously acquired dual APG signals were processed in real-time and local PWV was evaluated in a beat-by-beat manner. A transversal study on a cohort of 15 volunteers (4 males, 11 females, mean age = 25.6 ± 1.92 years) was conducted to validate the developed prototype system. During the study, carotid local PWV and brachial blood pressure (BP) parameters were recorded from both sitting and standing posture. The absolute values of measured carotid local PWV were in the range of 3 m/s – 4.2 m/s (beat-to-beat variation = 2.61% – 13.07%). Measured local PWV values significantly correlated with brachial systolic BP (R 2 = 0.87) and diastolic BP (R 2 = 0.79). Logarithmic functions provided the best monotonic model for carotid local PWV versus brachial BP parameters for the recorded data points. The developed population-specific mathematical models were then used for cuffless evaluation of BP parameters from carotid local PWV. The root-mean-square error in the estimated systolic and diastolic pressure was 7.53 mmHg and 6.0 mmHg respectively. Study results illustrate the potential application of the developed dual-accelerometric system in non-invasive, continuous cuffless BP measurement techniques.
29 Oct 2018

An in-vivo study on intra-day variations in vascular stiffness using ARTSENS Pen

40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Honolulu, HI, 2018, pp. 4575-4578

Conferences V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, S. Venkatramanan, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam

An in-vivo study on intra-day variations in vascular stiffness using ARTSENS Pen

V. Raj Kiran, P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, S. Venkatramanan, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
This work presents investigations on intraday variations in arterial stiffness. For this purpose, an in-vivo study was conducted on five subjects over a duration of five consecutive days. Five stiffness index (β) measurements were obtained per day for each individual. Our clinically validated ARTSENS device was used to perform fully automated reliable stiffness measurements on the carotid artery. For each measurement, two trials were performed and averaged. These trials were observed to be repeatable with the coefficient of variation <; 0.72%. For each day, one measurement that was performed immediately after the lunch was subject to intervention due to the consumed food, which significantly (p <; 0.001) deviated from the mean baseline β of the day. Such significant deviations were not observed for the rest measurements that were performed in the absence of an intervention. Two subjects who consumed caffeinated beverages during the lunch exhibited an increment in β measurement (taken immediately after lunch) as compared to mean baseline β of the day. Further, there was no significant (p = 0.97) difference between the mean baseline β measured over a day and the mean baseline β measured over the entire course of the study. Results obtained from the present study demonstrated that the arterial stiffness does not vary significantly over a short period but varies progressively. However, significant temporary variations in stiffness could be observed due to dietary interventions.
29 Oct 2018

Local Pulse Wave Velocity and Cuffless Blood Pressure Assessment using ARTSENS

40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Honolulu, HI, 2018, p. 1-1

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Local Pulse Wave Velocity and Cuffless Blood Pressure Assessment using ARTSENS

P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
We present a unimodal arterial compliance probe for cuffless evaluation of blood pressure (BP) parameters using ARTSENS® technology. The proposed technique could evaluate BP parameters using simultaneously measured arterial dimensions, local pulse wave velocity (PWV), and their variations over the cardiac cycle, without any calibration procedure. An in-vivo study was conducted on five healthy subjects using a prototype system to validate the proposed approach. Local PWV and arterial dimension were evaluated from the carotid artery in a beat-by-beat manner. RMSE in carotid BP measurements was less than 10.5 mmHg, illustrating the reliability of the proposed calibration-free cuffless BP evaluation technique.
20 Aug 2018

Non-Invasive Assessment of Local Pulse Wave Velocity as Function of Arterial Pressure

IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)

Rome, 2018, pp. 1-6

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Non-Invasive Assessment of Local Pulse Wave Velocity as Function of Arterial Pressure

P. M. Nabeel, V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Arterial pressure or flow wave propagation velocity (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) is inherently dependent on arterial elastic characteristics and distending pressure. Assessment of instantaneous variation in PWV over the cardiac cycle can be noninvasively performed using established biomechanical models by measuring arterial pressure and diameter from the same site. In this work, we explore and validate the viability of a bi-modal probe for local evaluation of PWV variation over the cardiac cycle as a function of arterial pressure. The proposed probe employs singleelement ultrasound transducer (for diameter measurement) and tonometric sensor (for pressure measurement) integrated into a custom probe holder. An application-specific measurement system and dedicated algorithms were used for simultaneous assessment of the desired physiological waveforms. The optimized transducer arrangement in the proposed probe allowed reliable capture of high-fidelity pressure and diameter waveforms from a single arterial site. Real-time assessment of variation in local PWV as a function of arterial pressure was validated on 10 human subjects (age = 31 ± 6 years) using the developed prototype system. Local PWV was found to increase during the systolic phase of each cardiac cycle, and exhibits a non-linear relationship with the arterial pressure. Results from the performed pilot study demonstrated that the proposed ultrasound-tonometer based onepoint method could reliably capture the incremental local PWV over continuous cardiac cycles. Simultaneous assessment of instantaneous variation in arterial pressure, diameter and local PWV using the proposed bi-modal probe has the potential to accurately characterize the elastic behavior of arteries.
16 May 2018

Variation in local pulse wave velocity over the cardiac cycle: in-vivo validation using dual-MPG arterial compliance probe

13th Russian-German Conference on Biomedical Engineering (RGC)

Aachen, Germany, 2018, pp. 100–103

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Variation in local pulse wave velocity over the cardiac cycle: in-vivo validation using dual-MPG arterial compliance probe

P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
We present a method and system for non-invasive evaluation of local pulse wave velocity (local PWV) and its variation over the cardiac cycle using an arterial compliance probe. The probe employs two identical Hall-effect and permanent magnet-based magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) transducers to acquire blood pulse signals from superficial arteries. A custom dual-channel analog front-end circuit was developed for simultaneous acquisition of MPG signals from two adjacent arterial sites (25 mm distance apart). An application-specific pulse wave analysis algorithm was used for signal processing and local PWV calculation via two-point method by evaluating local pulse transit time. The proposed technique was validated on 15 human volunteers (age = 27+/-4 years). Carotid local PWV was measured from two distinct fiducial points within a cardiac cycle in a beat-by-beat manner. Consistent with theoretical models, local PWV obtained from a fiducial point near the systolic peak (CS) was higher than that obtained from the systolic rising point (CD). The coefficient of variation of CS to CD ratio evaluated from continuous cardiac cycles was less than 7%, indicating the reliability of measurement. The agreement analysis of local PWV estimates versus brachial BP parameters yielded statistically significant correlation values (r ≥ 0.68, p < 0.0001). Developed prototype device demonstrated its potential use in cuffless BP evaluation techniques which utilize variation in local PWV over the cardiac cycle to realize a calibration-free approach.
16 May 2018

Hemodynamic Interventions for Inducing Blood Pressure Variation in Laboratory Settings

13th Russian-German Conference on Biomedical Engineering (RGC)

Aachen, Germany, 2018, pp. 104–107

Conferences P. M. Nabeel, S. Venkatramanan, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Hemodynamic Interventions for Inducing Blood Pressure Variation in Laboratory Settings

P. M. Nabeel, S. Venkatramanan, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
Non-invasive cuffless techniques for beat-by-beat evaluation of blood pressure (BP) parameters have attracted much attention over the years. The greatest challenge in cuffless BP techniques is the construction of a reliable BP prediction model and/or calibration curve with extended recalibration interval to achieve a level of acceptable accuracy. BP prediction models tailored to each subject is the ideal approach for implementing a calibration-based cuffless BP technique in wearable devices and ambulatory BP monitors. Accurate subject-specific model/calibration curve can be developed using simultaneously obtained BP and input physiological parameters in the calibration curve over a wide range of BP values. This can be achieved by performing hemodynamic interventions for perturbing the resting BP parameters of an individual. In this work, five hemodynamic interventions are presented and their BP altering strategies were investigated by conducting an in-vivo validation study on 15 normotensive subjects. The interventions discussed herein are safe, mimic daily life activities, and they can be performed in non-specialist settings. BP parameters and heartrate were repetitively measured from the brachial artery using a clinical grade automatic BP monitor under; (i) baseline condition, (ii) during an intervention, and (iii) post-intervention recovery period. For each subject record, variation in hemodynamic parameters due to the interventions was analysed using the fiducial parameters of BP intervention characteristic curve proposed in this study. The present study demonstrates the necessity of multiple interventions to alter BP parameters over a wide physiological range while constructing BP prediction model/calibration curve for real-time cuffless BP evaluation during various activities that occur in daily life.
29 Oct 2018

Local evaluation of variation in pulse wave velocity over the cardiac cycle using single – element ultrasound transducer

40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

Honolulu, HI, 2018, pp. 4560-4563

Conferences P. M. Nabeel V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Local evaluation of variation in pulse wave velocity over the cardiac cycle using single – element ultrasound transducer

P. M. Nabeel V. Raj Kiran, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Conferences
About The Publication
A method and system for single-site measurement of local pulse wave velocity (PWV) and its variation over the cardiac cycle are presented. The proposed system employs a single-element ultrasound transducer and associated custom technology to record arterial diameter and wall thickness waveforms in real-time. Simultaneously acquired blood pressure, diameter and wall thickness parameters were used to evaluate diastolic local PWV (CD) and systolic local PWV (CS) from an arterial site of interest. The developed prototype system was validated on a cohort of 15 subjects (age = 43±12 years) that includes normotensives and hypertensives. CS and CD measurements were obtained from the left carotid artery. A significant difference between carotid CS and CD (AC) was observed in all recruited subjects (group average AC = 0.92±0.76 m/s), illustrating the arterial pressure dependency of local PWV. The absolute values of CS and CD were within a range of 3.39 m/s to 7.5 m/s and 3.12 m/s to 5.82 m/s respectively. Normotensive versus hypertensive group-wise analysis was performed to investigate the degree of variation in the carotid local PWV over a cardiac cycle among different BP categories. Study results demonstrated that the proposed approach has a potential to provide valuable surrogate markers for cardiovascular risk assessment.
29 Aug 2017

A Magnetic Plethysmograph Probe for Local Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 1065–1076, 2017

Journal Paper P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

A Magnetic Plethysmograph Probe for Local Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement

P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
About The Publication
Objective: We present the design and experimental validation of an arterial compliance probe with dual magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) transducers for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement. The MPG transducers (positioned at 23 mm distance apart) utilizes Hall-effect sensors and permanent magnets for arterial blood pulse detection. Methods: The MPG probe was initially validated on an arterial flow phantom using a reference method. Further, 20 normotensive subjects (14 males, age = 24 ± 3.5 years) were studied under two different physical conditions: 1) Physically relaxed condition, 2) Postexercise condition. Local PWV was measured from the left carotid artery using the MPG probe. Brachial blood pressure (BP) was measured to investigate the correlation of BP with local PWV. Results: The proposed MPG arterial compliance probe was capable of detecting high-fidelity blood pulse waveforms. Reliable local pulse transit time estimates were assessed by the developed measurement system. Beat-by-beat local PWV was measured from multiple subjects under different physical conditions. A profound increment was observed in the carotid local PWV for all subjects after exercise (average increment = 0.42 ± 0.22 m/s). Local PWV values and brachial BP parameters were significantly correlated (r ≥ 0.72), except for pulse pressure (r = 0.42). Conclusion: MPG arterial compliance probe for local PWV measurement was validated. Carotid local PWV measurement, its variations due to physical exercise and correlation with BP levels were examined during the in vivo study. Significance: A novel dual MPG probe for local PWV measurement and potential use in cuffless BP measurement.
28 Nov 2017

Single-source PPG-based local pulse wave velocity measurement: A potential cuffless blood pressure estimation technique

Physiological Measurements

vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 2122–2140, 2017

Journal Paper P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Single-source PPG-based local pulse wave velocity measurement: A potential cuffless blood pressure estimation technique

P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
About The Publication
Objective: A novel photoplethysmograph probe employing dual photodiodes excited using a single infrared light source was developed for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement. The potential use of the proposed system in cuffless blood pressure (BP) techniques was demonstrated. Approach: Initial validation measurements were performed on a phantom using a reference method. Further, an in vivo study was carried out in 35 volunteers (age = 28 ± 4.5 years). The carotid local PWV, carotid to finger pulse transit time (PTTR) and pulse arrival time at the carotid artery (PATC) were simultaneously measured. Beat-by-beat variation of the local PWV due to BP changes was studied during post-exercise relaxation. The cuffless BP estimation accuracy of local PWV, PATC, and PTTRwas investigated based on inter- and intra-subject models with best-case calibration. Main results: The accuracy of the proposed system, hardware inter-channel delay (<0.1 ms), repeatability (beat-to-beat variation = 4.15%–11.38%) and reproducibility of measurement (r = 0.96) were examined. For the phantom experiment, the measured PWV values did not differ by more than 0.74 ms−1compared to the reference PWV. Better correlation was observed between brachial BP parameters versus local PWV (r = 0.74–0.78) compared to PTTR (|r| = 0.62–0.67) and PATC (|r| = 0.52–0.68). Cuffless BP estimation using local PWV was better than PTTR and PATC with population-specific models. More accurate estimates of arterial BP levels were achieved using local PWV via subject-specific models (root-mean-square error ≤2.61 mmHg). Significance: A reliable system for cuffless BP measurement and local estimation of arterial wall properties.
16 Aug 2018

Arterial compliance probe for cuffless evaluation of carotid pulse pressure

PLoS One

vol. 13, no. 8, p. e0202480, 2018

Journal Paper J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam

Arterial compliance probe for cuffless evaluation of carotid pulse pressure

J. Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, M. I. Shah, M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
About The Publication
Objective: Assessment of local arterial properties has become increasingly important in cardiovascular research as well as in clinical domains. Vascular wall stiffness indices are related to local pulse pressure (ΔP) level, mechanical and geometrical characteristics of the arterial vessel. Non-invasive evaluation of local ΔP from the central arteries (aorta and carotid) is not straightforward in a non-specialist clinical setting. In this work, we present a method and system for real-time and beat-by-beat evaluation of local ΔP from superficial arteries—a non-invasive, cuffless and calibration-free technique. Methods: The proposed technique uses a bi-modal arterial compliance probe which consisted of two identical magnetic plethysmograph (MPG) sensors located at 23 mm distance apart and a single-element ultrasound transducer. Simultaneously measured local pulse wave velocity (PWV) and arterial dimensions were used in a mathematical model for calibration-free evaluation of local ΔP. The proposed approach was initially verified using an arterial flow phantom, with invasive pressure catheter as the reference device. The developed porotype device was validated on 22 normotensive human subjects (age = 24.5 ± 4 years). Two independent measurements of local ΔP from the carotid artery were made during physically relaxed and post-exercise condition. Results: Phantom-based verification study yielded a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.93 (p < 0.001) for estimated ΔP versus reference brachial ΔP, with a non-significant bias and standard deviation of error equal to 1.11 mmHg and ±1.97 mmHg respectively. The ability of the developed system to acquire high-fidelity waveforms (dual MPG signals and ultrasound echoes from proximal and distal arterial walls) from the carotid artery was demonstrated by the in-vivo validation study. The group average beat-to-beat variation in measured carotid local PWV, arterial diameter parameters—distension and end-diastolic diameter, and local ΔP were 4.2%, 2.6%, 3.3%, and 10.2% respectively in the physically relaxed condition. Consistent with the physiological phenomenon, local ΔP measured from the carotid artery of young populations was, on an average, 22 mmHg lower than the reference ΔP obtained from the brachial artery. Like the reference brachial blood pressure (BP) monitor, the developed prototype device reliably captured variations in carotid local ΔP induced by external intervention. Conclusion: This technique could provide a direct measurement of local PWV, arterial dimensions, and a calibration-free estimate of beat-by-beat local ΔP. It can be potentially extended for calibration-free cuffless BP measurement and non-invasive characterization of central arteries with locally estimated biomechanical properties.
23 Feb 2018

Arterial blood pressure estimation from local pulse wave velocity using dual-element photoplethysmograph probe

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 1399–1408, 2018

Journal Paper P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam

Arterial blood pressure estimation from local pulse wave velocity using dual-element photoplethysmograph probe

P. M. Nabeel, S. Karthik, J. Joseph, M. Sivaprakasam
Journal Paper
About The Publication
An arterial compliance, dual-element photoplethysmograph probe for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement was developed. Initially, the experimental validation study was performed on 25 young volunteers (age =24.5 ± 4 years). Local PWV was assessed from a small section (23 mm) of the carotid artery. The prototype device demonstrated its capability of measuring reliable, repeatable, and reproducible carotid local PWV. Further, in 15 healthy male volunteers (age = 22.25 ± 3.5 years), carotid local PWV and brachial blood pressure (BP) were continuously recorded during their postexercise recovery period. Local PWV followed the changes in arterial BP parameters. The group average correlation coefficients (r) of local PWV versus BP parameters were between 0.772 ± 0.033 and 0.934 ± 0.028. In a population of 50 patients (normotensive and hypertensive) aged 24-80 years, local PWV-BP correlations were investigated. Local PWV tended to follow the diastolic BP (DBP; r = 0.82) and mean arterial pressure (r = 0.83) better than systolic BP (SBP; r = 0.69). It was significantly inferior in tracking pulse pressure values (r = 0.35). Cuffless estimation of arterial pressure was also performed on the same patients using measured carotid local PWV with best-case calibrations. Local PWV yielded good DBP prediction than SBP prediction. Statistically, significant correlation (r = 0.79) and a root-mean-square error of 5.26 mmHg versus reference brachial DBP were achieved. The introduced technique has a potential for short- or long-term noninvasive, cuffless monitoring of BP parameters from superficial arteries.
20 Aug 2018

Bi-modal arterial compliance probe for calibration-free cuffless blood pressure estimation

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering

vol. 65, no. 11, pp. 2392–2404, 2018 (Invited Article)

Journal Paper P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, S. Karthik, M. Sivaprakasam, M. Chenniappan

Bi-modal arterial compliance probe for calibration-free cuffless blood pressure estimation

P. M. Nabeel, J. Joseph, S. Karthik, M. Sivaprakasam, M. Chenniappan
Journal Paper
About The Publication
Objective: We propose a calibration-free method and system for cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement from superficial arteries. A prototype device with bi-modal probe arrangement was designed and developed to estimate carotid BP – an indicator of central aortic pressure. Methods: Mathematical models relating BP parameters of an arterial segment to its dimensions and local pulse wave velocity (PWV) are introduced. A bi-modal probe utilizing ultrasound and photoplethysmograph sensors was developed and used to measure diameter values and local PWV from the carotid artery. Carotid BP was estimated using the measured physiological parameters without any subject- or population-specific calibration procedures. The proposed cuffless BP estimation method and system were tested for accuracy, usability, and for potential utility in hypertension screening, on a total of 83 subjects. Results: The prototype device demonstrated its capability of detecting beat-by-beat arterial dimensions and local PWV simultaneously. Carotid diastolic BP (DBP) and systolic BP (SBP) were estimated over multiple cardiac cycles in real-time. The absolute error in carotid DBP was <;10 mmHg in 82% cases, and root-mean-square-error = 8.3 mmHg. Consistent with the theory, estimated SBP at the carotid site was lower than the reference brachial SBP. ROC curves obtained for hypertension screening analysis revealed an area under the curve ≥0.8 for both carotid SBP and DBP values, illustrating the potential for using the developed method in hypertension screening. Conclusion: The feasibility of calibration-free, cuffless BP measurement at an arterial site of interest was demonstrated with a level of acceptable accuracy. The study also demonstrated the potential utility of the proposed method and system in hypertension screening and local evaluation of arterial stiffness indices. Significance: Novel approach for calibration-free cuffless BP estimation; a potential tool for local BP measurement and hypertension screening.
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VASCULAR AGEING LAB

LABORATORY TEAM

Prof. Mohanasankar

Professor, IIT Madras Director, HTIC

Dr. Jayaraj Joseph

Assistant Professor, IIT Madras

Dr. Dinu Chandran, MD

Additional Professor, AIIMS New Delhi

Dr. Satheesh Natarajan

Research Scientist, HTIC

Raj Kiran V

Ph.D. Scholar, IIT Madras

Rahul Manoj

Ph.D. Scholar, IIT Madras

Ishwarya S

Research Scholar, HTIC - IIT Madras

Nimmi Sudarsan

Ph.D. Scholar, IIT Madras

Navya Rose George

Ph.D. Scholar, IIT Madras

Jaganathan G

Ph.D. Scholar, IIT Madras

Girish V V

M.S. Scholar, IIT Madras

Puli Devan

Project Assistant, HTIC

Karthikeyan Vaidyanathan

Project Associate, HTIC

Anuvind T S

Project Associate, HTIC

Ponkalaivani S

Research Intern, HTIC

KEY RESEARCH PROJECTS

Augmented multimodal assessment of Nitric-Oxide Bioavailability for quantification of endothelial dysfunction in clinical and field settings

This is a novel approach for non-invasive quantification of bioavailability of Nitric-Oxide through simultaneous measurement of diameter and pressure waveform from a target arterial site for more accurate and precise estimates of Flow-Mediated Dilatation (FMD) along with other relevant vascular health parameters. This technique enhances the utility of FMD as a predictive and risk stratifying tool in both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This change in approach could create a global paradigm shift in how FMD is measured and interpreted to assess conduit artery endothelial function and risk stratification of patients with MI. The project is a collaborative effort between leading institutions in India; HTIC - Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras performs the required technology development and prototyping, while All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi conducts a prospective observational study.

Multiparametric assessment of acute vascular toxicity and accelerated vascular aging in cancer patients treated with chemotherapeutic agents

This longitudinal study aims to carry out a longitudinal multiparametric assessment of vascular toxicity and accelerated vascular aging in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy using a battery of standardized non-invasive tools to assess arterial stiffening and endothelial function using a validated indigenous technology (ARTSENS®), which could be incorporated as a model of care. ARTSENS® has been established as a validated tool for the non-invasive assessment of arterial stiffness and demonstrated the association of a novel measure of arterial stiffness with cardiometabolic risk factors in metabolic syndrome (Read More). The project is a collaborative effort between leading institutions in India; HTIC - Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras performs the required technology development and prototyping, while All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi performs validation and clinical research.

Advanced R&D on Quantification of Vascular Ageing: Scientific Research, Technology Development, Animal Verification, and Human Validation

This project aims to address key scientific and engineering gaps in vascular health monitoring, quantification of vascular ageing, and screening of early vascular ageing (EVA) syndrome through advanced research in biophysical modelling, sensors & instrumentation, experimental research & verification in animal models, and clinical validation in humans. The project is being executed through a systematic multi-track R&D plan, involving (i) scientific research to develop advanced biophysical models with closed-form solution to perform real-time computation of early vascular health markers in-vivo; (ii) technology development to overcome current lacuna in accurate, easy-to-use, single device to perform the direct evaluation of EVA and key vascular markers; (iii) animal verification for detailed experimental research to verify the validity of widely used heuristic associations of EVA, the accuracy of custom biophysical models, and to verify functionality and accuracy of custom sensors & device, over a wide range of physiological conditions; and (iv) human validation of developed device(s) in controlled laboratory and clinical settings with HTIC’s clinical collaborators. This will advance vascular ageing research and increase understanding of EVA through novel models, innovative technology, and experimental research in animals and humans.

Advanced R&D on cuffless methods for non-invasive central arterial hemodynamics and blood pressure monitoring

This project aims to address key scientific gaps and engineering challenges in cuffless blood pressure monitoring from central arteries through advanced R&D in mathematical modelling, sensors & instrumentation, and experimental research in phantoms and animal models, followed by clinical verification and validation. The project has a systematic multi-track research plan, involving instrumentation & technology to overcome limitations of skin-surface sensors to perform measurements from the arterial wall and bloodstream using ultrasound sensing, use of wave propagation modelling to eliminate the effect of reflected wave measurement in a subject-specific manner, development of advanced mathematical models considering the hyperplastic properties of the vessel wall and optimised in closed-form solution to allow real-time computation, development of methods to assess the vessel wall properties in-vivo using methods independent of the pressure-flow-diameter relations to capture the time-variance of the vessel wall material properties, and thereby allowing accurate estimation of blood pressure even under various physiological states and pathophysiological conditions.

ARTSENS® Plus Development, Verification, and (Pilot) Clinical Validation

IEC Number: IEC/2021-01/JJ/07

Extensive verification and validation studies (4000+ subjects, 6 clinical settings, 1 field and 1 camp study, and 75+ publications) conducted on multiple versions of ARTSENS® established the ability of the technology measure arterial stiffness from the carotid artery, and illustrated its usability in resource constrained settings by non-expert operators. The latest version of this technology, called ARTSENS® Plus – can measure the local carotid artery stiffness, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and central blood pressure – thereby giving a comprehensive assessment of early vascular health markers. This device can be operated in conjunction with a tablet computer, and has fully automated algorithms for measurement and real-time quality control, which allows the instrument to easily obtain an accurate and reliable measure of local and regional arterial stiffness indices simultaneously, with no operator input. The repeatability and reproducibility of ARTSENS® Plus have been established in arterial flow phantoms mimicking human anatomy and physiology.

The ARTSENS® Plus device now makes it possible to easily perform a comprehensive assessment of vascular stiffness in resource constrained settings without using expensive imaging systems and eliminates the need of a sonographer for the test. Accelerated vascular ageing indicated by increased vascular stiffness is an established pre-cursor of future cardiac events in a variety of disease such as cardiovascular, stroke, renal disease etc. This cross-sectional study is to further establish the measurement accuracy of the ARTSENS® Plus device, in comparison to an established reference system such as the SphygmoCor, to demonstrate its utility and ability to capture various measures of arterial stiffness in controlled laboratory settings. This study is envisaged as a precursor to further clinical research using ARTSENS® Plus for various screening applications such as assessment endothelial dysfunction, kindly disease, peripheral vascular disease, pre-eclampsia, etc.

Arterial Compliance Probe for Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement

Funded by SERB - NIH under Indo-US Grand Challenge Initiative (Phase I & II)

This project deals with developing a calibration-free method and device for blood pressure evaluation based on real-time measurements of arterial distension and vessel wall properties using a vascular compliance probe that can quickly obtain accurate readings in a minimally obtrusive manner. The proposed technique is based on fundamental principles of pressure-flow dynamics and pulse propagation in an artery. The underlying physics and technology of the proposed methodology are explored and patented. The project would deliver a field-validated technology for calibration-free, cuffless evaluation of blood pressure amenable for use in resource-constrained settings.

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WORKS AND ACTIVITIES

Impactful Outcomes
HemodynamicsVascAge

About The Project

Exploration of the accelerated ageing phenomenon on excised mammal arteries through biochemical treatment to quantify arterial structure and function in vascular ageing

ARTSENS®SocialVascAge

About The Project

Vascular Screening @ HTIC 2021: Annual comprehensive vascular health assessment camp at HTIC – IIT Madras 

ARTSENS®VascAge

About The Project

ARTSENS® Plus: a versatile tool for early vascular health assessment and clinical research on vessel wall dynamics

ARTSENS®ClinicalVascAge

About The Project

Newly proposed vascular ageing marker – Incremental Pulse Wave Velocity – demonstrated its association with cardiometabolic risk factors

SocialWYHF

About The Project

Youngsters are bridging the urban-rural healthcare divide: Doctors, researchers, and volunteers at the World Youth Heart Federation (WYHF), a non-profit that has been providing COVID-19 relief, now plan to strengthen rural healthcare infrastructure in the country – Forbes INDIA

ClinicalHemodynamicsVascAge

About The Project

Invasive investigation and experimental validation of vascular biomechanics in accelerated ageing on animal models through drug interventions could yield valuable insights into the pathophysiology of vascular ageing

ARTSENS®ClinicalVascAge

About The Project

At-risk patients can now be screened using ARTSENS® in clinics and field settings: A strong association was observed between cardiometabolic risk factors and increased vascular stiffness

ARTSENS®SocialVascAge

About The Project

High-throughput vascular health screening by ARTSENS® during medical camp for early-stage detection of chronic kidney diseases

ARTSENS®Hemodynamics

About The Project

Bi-modal arterial compliance probe: The first complete calibration-free cuffless blood pressure monitoring system

ClinicalHemodynamicsSocialVascAge

About The Project

Cardiovascular Science and Engineering R&D at HTIC – IIT Madras: Translating research into practice